Android Framework CVE-2025-48595: KEV Local Privilege Escalation

Executive Summary

CISA added CVE-2025-48595 to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-06-02, marking it as actively exploited CISA KEV. The affected component is the Android Framework, the core set of APIs and services used by Android applications. The vulnerability is a high-severity integer overflow (CWE-190) that enables local privilege escalation.

A local attacker can exploit this flaw to execute arbitrary code within the context of a privileged process (such as system_server), bypassing sandbox protections without needing user interaction or advanced privileges. The vulnerability affects devices running Android versions 14, 15, and 16. Google resolved the issue in the June 2026 Android Security Bulletin Android Security Bulletin - June 2026. Users are urged to apply the latest security patches to their devices immediately.

Key Facts

cve: "CVE-2025-48595"
vendor: "Google"
product: "Android Framework"
vulnerability: "Local privilege escalation via integer overflow"
cwe: "CWE-190"
disclosed_date: "2026-06-01"
kev_added: "2026-06-02"
affected_packages:
  - "android-framework"
affected_versions: "14, 15, 16"
fixed_version: "June 2026 Android Security Patch (2026-06-01)"
high_value_evidence:
  - "Android system security patch logs"
  - "Google Play Protect telemetry"

Source Confidence & Evidence Mapping

• confirmed: CISA added CVE-2025-48595 to the KEV catalog, verifying active exploitation in the wild CISA KEV.
• confirmed: Google published the June 2026 Android Security Bulletin, which details the vulnerability, its severity, and maps it to the Android Framework component Android Security Bulletin - June 2026.
• confirmed: NIST NVD indexes the vulnerability as an integer overflow in Android Framework leading to local privilege escalation NIST NVD.

Impact Determination

Classification	Criteria	Required evidence	Handling decision
Confirmed compromise	On-device security logs (e.g. logcat or audit logs) show unauthorized service bindings, unexplained crashes in system_server, or execution of unauthorized commands with system-level privileges.	Device system audit logs, memory dumps showing integer overflow signatures, or presence of malicious privilege escalation payloads.	Quarantine the device, revoke its enterprise network and OAuth tokens, investigate sideloaded apps, and perform device-level forensics.
Presumed exposed	The device runs Android 14, 15, or 16 and has a security patch level prior to June 2026 (2026-06-01).	Device build fingerprint and patch level status.	Apply the June 2026 Android Security Bulletin updates immediately.
Potentially exposed	Android devices are present in the corporate environment but their exact patch levels or Android OS versions are unverified.	Mobile Device Management (MDM) inventory reports.	Audit device patch levels via MDM to verify compliance with the June 2026 updates.
Not exposed	The device runs Android version 13 or earlier (which is not affected), or has the June 2026 security patch (or newer) applied.	MDM confirmed patch status logs.	No immediate action required.
Unknown	Device patch state or OS version is undocumented.	Missing MDM telemetry or asset tracking details.	Treat as potentially exposed and enforce update verification.

Timeline

• 2026-06-01: Google releases the June 2026 Android Security Bulletin addressing CVE-2025-48595.
• 2026-06-02: CISA adds CVE-2025-48595 to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.
• 2026-06-10: This threat post analysis is published.

Technical Analysis

The vulnerability resides within the core framework layer of the Android Operating System. An integer overflow flaw (CWE-190) exists in memory management or size checks when handling input vectors across API boundaries.

An unprivileged local application can pass specially crafted values through binder transactions to framework services. When the service processes these sizes, the integer overflows, leading to a buffer overflow or improper memory allocation. The local app can exploit this out-of-bounds access to write payload data into system_server or another privileged process memory space, executing arbitrary code with system privileges.

Affected Assets and Blast Radius

asset_selectors:
  - "android-framework"
highest_value_assets:
  - "Enterprise-enrolled mobile devices running Android 14, 15, or 16"
credentials_and_data_at_risk:
  - "OAuth session tokens and enterprise credentials stored on the device"
  - "Sensitive user data, SMS, and device location logs"

Indicators And Detection Selectors

vulnerabilities: ["CVE-2025-48595"]
packages: ["android-framework"]
telemetry_selectors:
  - "android"
  - "integer overflow"

Detection and Hunting

Script: local repository and exported telemetry scope

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import os
import sys
import json
import subprocess
from pathlib import Path

ROOT = sys.argv[1] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else "."
LOG_ROOT = os.environ.get("LOG_ROOT", "")
OUT = Path(os.environ.get("OUT", "hp-android-framework-cve-2025-48595-kev-scope"))
SINCE = "2026-06-02T00:00:00Z"
UNTIL = "2026-06-02T23:59:59Z"

PACKAGES = [
  "android-framework",
]
VERSIONS = [
]
FILES = [
]
DOMAINS = [
  "www.cisa.gov",
  "source.android.com",
  "nvd.nist.gov",
]
URLS = [
  "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog",
  "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2026-06-01",
  "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48595",
]
IPS = [
]
HASHES = [
]
PROCESS_PATTERNS = [
]
NETWORK_PATTERNS = [
]

# Positive signal: repository, lockfile, artifact, process, or network telemetry contains one of the exact incident selectors above.
# Escalation: any match tied to a production build, CI run, deployed asset, or secret-bearing host moves the asset to presumed exposed.

OUT.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
indicators_file = OUT / "indicators.txt"

# Collect unique indicators
indicators = set()
for group in [PACKAGES, VERSIONS, FILES, DOMAINS, URLS, IPS, HASHES, PROCESS_PATTERNS, NETWORK_PATTERNS]:
    for val in group:
        if val:
            indicators.add(val)

with open(indicators_file, "w") as f:
    for ind in sorted(indicators):
        f.write(ind + "\n")

print(f"[+] Written unique selectors to {indicators_file}")

# Walk local directory
print(f"[+] Scanning directory: {ROOT} for selectors...")
matches = []
exclude_dirs = {"node_modules", "vendor", "dist", ".git"}
for root, dirs, filenames in os.walk(ROOT):
    dirs[:] = [d for d in dirs if d not in exclude_dirs]
    for filename in filenames:
        filepath = Path(root) / filename
        try:
            content = filepath.read_text(errors="ignore")
            for ind in indicators:
                if ind in content:
                    matches.append(f"{filepath}: found '{ind}'")
        except Exception:
            pass

if matches:
    (OUT / "repository-indicator-matches.txt").write_text("\n".join(matches) + "\n")
    print(f"[!] Found {len(matches)} matches in codebase!")

# Optional Log Scanning
if LOG_ROOT and os.path.exists(LOG_ROOT):
    print(f"[+] Scanning telemetry log directory: {LOG_ROOT}...")
    log_matches = []
    for root, _, filenames in os.walk(LOG_ROOT):
        for filename in filenames:
            filepath = Path(root) / filename
            try:
                content = filepath.read_text(errors="ignore")
                for ind in indicators:
                    if ind in content:
                        log_matches.append(f"{filepath}: found '{ind}'")
            except Exception:
                pass
    if log_matches:
        (OUT / "exported-telemetry-indicator-matches.txt").write_text("\n".join(log_matches) + "\n")
        print(f"[!] Found {len(log_matches)} matches in logs!")

    if PACKAGES:
        registry_dir = OUT / "registry"
        registry_dir.mkdir(exist_ok=True)

print(f"[+] Wrote scope artifacts under {OUT}")

Sources

1. CISA: KEV Catalog - Role: PRIMARY_RESEARCH - Impact: Active exploitation confirmation.
2. Google: Android Security Bulletin - June 2026 - Role: DIRECT_SOURCE - Impact: Vulnerability details and patch definition.
3. NIST NVD: CVE-2025-48595 - Role: ENRICHMENT_DATA - Impact: Severity and vulnerability class mapping.